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Sprout Authority

USDA zone 3a planting guide

A typical location in zone 3a sees its last spring frost around May 29 and its first fall frost around September 5. Pick a crop for its zone 3a planting dates, or get dates for your exact ZIP.

The zone 3a planting year

When to start, transplant, sow, and harvest each crop in a typical zone 3alocation. Tap a crop for its full guide.

Start indoorsTransplantDirect sowFall plantingHarvest
Planting calendar for Zone 3a typical: sow, transplant, and harvest windows by crop.
CropActivityWhen
TomatoStart indoorsApril 17 – April 24
TomatoTransplantMay 29 – June 12
PepperStart indoorsApril 3
PepperTransplantMay 29 – June 12
EggplantStart indoorsApril 3
EggplantTransplantMay 29 – June 12
PotatoDirect sowMay 8 – May 15
CucumberStart indoorsMay 1
CucumberTransplantMay 29 – June 12
CucumberDirect sowMay 29 – June 12
ZucchiniDirect sowMay 29 – June 12
ZucchiniHarvestJuly 23 – August 6 (About 55 to 55 days from sowing.)
Winter SquashDirect sowMay 29 – June 12
PumpkinDirect sowMay 29 – June 12
PumpkinHarvestAugust 7 – October 10 (About 70 to 120 days from sowing.)
WatermelonTransplantMay 29 – June 12
WatermelonDirect sowMay 29 – June 12
WatermelonHarvestAugust 22 – September 10 (About 85 to 90 days from transplanting.)
CantaloupeTransplantMay 29 – June 12
CantaloupeDirect sowMay 29 – June 12
Sweet CornDirect sowMay 29 – June 12
Sweet CornHarvestJuly 28 – September 10 (About 60 to 90 days from sowing.)
BroccoliStart indoorsMarch 20 – April 3
BroccoliTransplantMay 8 – May 15
BroccoliDirect sowMay 8 – May 15
CauliflowerStart indoorsMarch 27 – April 10
CauliflowerTransplantMay 15 – May 22
CauliflowerDirect sowMay 15 – May 22
CauliflowerFall plantingJune 27 – August 1
CabbageStart indoorsMarch 20 – April 3
CabbageTransplantMay 8 – May 15
CabbageDirect sowMay 8 – May 15
CabbageFall plantingJune 27 – August 1
Brussels SproutsFall plantingMay 9
KaleStart indoorsMarch 13 – March 27
KaleTransplantApril 24 – May 1
KaleDirect sowApril 24 – May 1
KaleFall plantingJuly 4 – August 8
CollardsStart indoorsApril 3
CollardsTransplantMay 15
CollardsDirect sowMay 8
CollardsHarvestJuly 7 – July 27 (About 60 to 80 days from sowing.)
CollardsFall plantingJune 6
LettuceStart indoorsApril 17 – April 24
LettuceTransplantMay 29
LettuceDirect sowMay 8 – May 15
LettuceFall plantingJune 6 – July 11
SpinachStart indoorsApril 17 – April 24
SpinachTransplantMay 29
SpinachDirect sowMay 1 – May 8
SpinachFall plantingJune 27 – August 1
Swiss ChardStart indoorsApril 17 – April 24
Swiss ChardTransplantMay 29
Swiss ChardDirect sowMay 1 – May 8
Swiss ChardFall plantingAugust 8 – August 15
CarrotDirect sowMay 8 – May 15
CarrotHarvestJuly 17 – August 23 (About 70 to 100 days from sowing.)
RadishDirect sowMay 8 – May 15
RadishHarvestJune 2 – June 29 (About 25 to 45 days from sowing.)
BeetDirect sowMay 8 – May 15
BeetHarvestJuly 7 – August 3 (About 60 to 80 days from sowing.)
ParsnipDirect sowMay 8 – May 15
ParsnipHarvestAugust 16 – September 12 (About 100 to 120 days from sowing.)
GarlicFall plantingSeptember 12 – September 19
Green Bean (Snap Bean)Direct sowMay 22
Green Bean (Snap Bean)HarvestJuly 11 – July 21 (About 50 to 60 days from sowing.)
BasilStart indoorsApril 3 – April 17
BasilDirect sowMay 29
ParsleyStart indoorsApril 3 – April 17
ParsleyDirect sowMay 29
DillDirect sowMay 29
RhubarbStart indoorsApril 17
SunflowerDirect sowMay 29 – June 12
MarigoldStart indoorsApril 17 – May 1
MarigoldTransplantMay 29 – June 12
MarigoldDirect sowMay 29 – June 12
PetuniaStart indoorsMarch 20 – April 3
PetuniaTransplantMay 29 – June 12
DahliaTransplantMay 29 – June 12
English LavenderTransplantMay 29 – June 12

USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map, 2023. USDA Agricultural Research Service / Oregon State University PRISM Group. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information, U.S. Climate Normals 1991-2020. Zone dates are medians across the zone; your town varies.